EN 
AR 
Eczema in children, Atopic Dermatitis, is a chronic, intensely itchy skin disease.3% of infants suffer from this disease, and it can continue into early childhood in 90% of affected infants.
The disease may persist beyond adulthood, About 50% of those infected have asthma or allergic rhinitis. The disease is considered acute hypersensitivity type I according to the Gill and Coombs classification, as an increase in the level of IgE is observed in the serum of patients with a disorder in cellularimmunity.
Symptoms of the disease in infants:
Redness, edema, and vesicles on the cheeks that erupt to form crusts accompanied by severe itching. In older children, the disease manifests itself in the form of dry, lichenified, excoriating eczematous plaques on the bends of the elbows, the back of the knees, and the neck.
The skin is dry and pale inpatients with atopic dermatitis Preventive measures: First, the temperature and humidity in the patients’ living spaces must be controlled. It is preferable that the room temperature tend to be cold so that we avoid causing sweating in the patients. As for the humidity, it is preferable that it be more than 40%, but it is not preferable for the environment to be too humid.
Secondly, it is not recommended to bathe frequently or to generously use different soaps in order to avoid drying out the skin and maintain its moisture and suppleness. It is preferable to use gentle, non-irritating oil-based soaps. After bathing, various types of skin softeners should be used, and it is preferable to wear non-irritating cotton clothing that has the ability to absorb sweat.
Thirdly, you should not use perfumes, hair sprays, or antiperspirants. You should also stay away from house dust and refrain from interacting with domestic animals (cats, dogs, and birds). It is also useful to stop smoking when the patient is in close proximity.
Fourthly, most researchers recommend dieting, and it is recommended to stay away from foods suspected of triggering attacks, such as eggs, fish, tomatoes, citrus fruits, strawberries, chocolate, spices, and cow’s milk. Some recent reports indicate that infants who are fed on their mothers’ milk develop the disease at lower rates than infants who are fed other types of milk.
Fifthly, emotional stability is necessary to avoid provoking the disease, so it is recommended to avoid psychological distress and teach patients to relax and not be stressed.
Dr. Khaled Abdel Rahman
Dermatologist